{
 "id": "rd-per-1b-revenue",
 "name": "R&D staff per $1B revenue",
 "question": "R&D headcount per $1B of revenue",
 "aliases": [
  "flavor & fragrance creation",
  "food science, sensory & product development",
  "applications & technical r&d",
  "analytical & chemistry",
  "r&d leadership & process dev"
 ],
 "formula": "R&D headcount ÷ revenue in $B",
 "formula_kind": "per_1b_revenue",
 "value_units": "staff per $1B revenue",
 "grain": "function",
 "function": "R&D",
 "cell": "R&D",
 "coverage_note": null,
 "definition_note": "Counts people whose title places them in the function: an exact count for the org and a floor for the process, since someone in another function may perform part of it.",
 "quartile_method": "p25 and p75 are Tukey hinges: the median of each half of the sorted values, with the median value included in both halves when N is odd. Published only at N >= 8; min, median and max always.",
 "as_of": "2026-09-16",
 "url": "https://sgabenchmarking.com/metrics/rd-per-1b-revenue/",
 "industries": {
  "cpg": {
   "industry": "food & CPG",
   "url": "https://sgabenchmarking.com/industry/cpg/",
   "provenance": "measured",
   "as_of": "2026-06-04",
   "n": 4,
   "min": 46.5,
   "p25": null,
   "median": 97.5,
   "p75": null,
   "max": 291.1,
   "min_company": "The Kraft Heinz Company",
   "max_company": "International Flavors & Fragrances",
   "companies": [
    {
     "company": "The Kraft Heinz Company",
     "ticker": "KHC",
     "value": 46.5,
     "cell": 1159,
     "employees": 35000,
     "revenue_usd_b": 24.942,
     "provenance": "measured"
    },
    {
     "company": "Ingredion",
     "ticker": "INGR",
     "value": 90.5,
     "cell": 653,
     "employees": 11200,
     "revenue_usd_b": 7.219,
     "provenance": "measured"
    },
    {
     "company": "McCormick & Company",
     "ticker": "MKC",
     "value": 104.5,
     "cell": 715,
     "employees": 14100,
     "revenue_usd_b": 6.84,
     "provenance": "measured"
    },
    {
     "company": "International Flavors & Fragrances",
     "ticker": "IFF",
     "value": 291.1,
     "cell": 3170,
     "employees": 21500,
     "revenue_usd_b": 10.89,
     "provenance": "measured"
    }
   ],
   "quartiles": "paid"
  }
 },
 "all_industries": {
  "n": 4,
  "min": 46.5,
  "p25": null,
  "median": 97.5,
  "p75": null,
  "max": 291.1,
  "min_company": "The Kraft Heinz Company",
  "max_company": "International Flavors & Fragrances",
  "quartiles": "paid"
 },
 "quartiles": "paid",
 "paid_cut": {
  "price_usd": 150,
  "url": "https://sgabenchmarking.com/mcp",
  "includes": [
   "p25/p75 quartiles",
   "CSV",
   "a benchmark-format row"
  ]
 }
}