SG&A Benchmarking SG&A Benchmarking
Example How it works Pricing Get a quote →
For AI assistants

To answer a question with this site, fetch https://sgabenchmarking.com/find?q=YOUR+QUESTION (plain text, free, no key).

Example: https://sgabenchmarking.com/find?q=finance+staff+per+$1B+revenue+food+company+with+260+finance+staff+on+$6B

Clients that can connect to MCP: https://sgabenchmarking.com/mcp. Setup: https://sgabenchmarking.com/skill.md.

Free industry SG&A function benchmark · Packaging & containers

How packaging & container makers staff SG&A by function.

Finance, Sales, Marketing, Sourcing and six more overhead functions across Amcor plc, Avery Dennison Corporation, Sealed Air Corporation, Graphic Packaging Holding Company, Ball Corporation, Sonoco Products Company, Packaging Corporation of America, Greif, Inc., Crown Holdings, Inc., O-I Glass, Inc., AptarGroup, Inc. and Silgan Holdings Inc., mapped from 81,543 real job titles, classified the same way for every company.

Get your company’s census → How it’s measured ↓
12 companies
81,543 titles classified
no survey, no login
See your company on this page
Is your company on this benchmark?
Want to discuss more? Book a 15-minute call →

The cohort, estimated the same way for everyone.

Levels are indicative; the function mix and ranks below are the reliable read.

CompanySG&A contacts observed2Employees1Employees per $BObserved SG&A per $B3
1 Latest filed or public headcount.
2 Deduplicated public contacts classified into a core SG&A function by their actual job title: an observed floor, not a modeled total. Database coverage varies by company and skews North American: for globally distributed companies the counts describe primarily the North American organization (Amcor, Crown and O-I counts skew North American despite global operations). Attributable subsidiary records are included where an acquired brand still holds its own record.Counted records are capped at each company’s social-profile-visible workforce summed across all its company pages (a stale-record control validated against our censuses). Treat cross-company levels as directional; the function mix below is the like-for-like read.
3 Observed contacts per $B of filed revenue. Sealed Air is privately held. CD&R's take-private closed in April 2026, so it files no current income statement and its revenue column is blank; its headcount and function mix are measured the same way as everyone else's. Amcor is counted as the company that now exists, after its 2025 acquisition of Berry Global, so Berry's people appear in the Amcor row rather than as a separate company. Packaging Corporation of America is a containerboard integrated rather than a converter. Its mills give it a different cost shape from the rest of the cohort and a thinner SG&A; read its row against that. Department labels are checked by reading the actual job titles and re-sorting them, because the source data files people under the wrong department often enough to move a whole function. TriMas carries aerospace segments alongside packaging, so part of its overhead belongs to a business this cohort is not measuring.

Where the SG&A headcount sits, and how much competitors disagree.

Each dot is one company. The | tick is the cohort median. Hover any dot. Rows are scaled independently, so read the printed values, not dot positions across rows.

Packaging & container SG&A benchmarks by function.

The same numbers as the chart above, written out. Share is each company’s observed core SG&A headcount in that function; contacts are the classified records behind it, an observed floor rather than a modeled total. As of September 2026.

Finance benchmark for packaging & container makers

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Finance is 13.4% to 24.7% of core SG&A headcount, median 17.1%: lowest at Avery Dennison, highest at Crown Holdings. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. See finance headcount benchmark across every industry.

CompanyShare of SG&AObserved contactsPer 1,000 employees
Avery Dennison Corporation13.4%90725.9
Sealed Air Corporation13.9%56835.3
Graphic Packaging Holding Company14.0%55224.0
O-I Glass, Inc.15.0%29015.3
AptarGroup, Inc.15.5%27419.6
Amcor plc16.3%1,34918.0
Sonoco Products Company17.8%51623.5
Packaging Corporation of America18.2%42325.2
Silgan Holdings Inc.19.1%20511.8
Greif, Inc.20.5%42735.6
Ball Corporation20.7%80850.5
Crown Holdings, Inc.24.7%50021.7

Sourcing and procurement benchmark for packaging & container makers

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Sourcing is 6.7% to 17.6% of core SG&A headcount, median 15.5%: lowest at Packaging Corp, highest at Crown Holdings. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. See procurement headcount benchmark across every industry.

CompanyShare of SG&AObserved contactsPer 1,000 employees
Packaging Corporation of America6.7%1579.3
Sealed Air Corporation12.8%52332.5
Greif, Inc.13.4%27923.2
Avery Dennison Corporation14.4%98228.1
Ball Corporation14.5%56735.4
Graphic Packaging Holding Company14.8%58225.3
Sonoco Products Company16.2%46921.3
Amcor plc16.3%1,34818.0
O-I Glass, Inc.16.4%31716.7
Silgan Holdings Inc.16.8%18010.4
AptarGroup, Inc.16.9%29921.4
Crown Holdings, Inc.17.6%35715.5

Facilities benchmark for packaging & container makers

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Facilities is 1.4% to 4.2% of core SG&A headcount, median 2.2%: lowest at Avery Dennison, highest at Sonoco. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. See facilities headcount benchmark across every industry.

CompanyShare of SG&AObserved contactsPer 1,000 employees
Avery Dennison Corporation1.4%972.8
Graphic Packaging Holding Company1.9%743.2
Amcor plc2.0%1632.2
Packaging Corporation of America2.0%472.8
AptarGroup, Inc.2.0%362.6
Sealed Air Corporation2.1%865.3
Silgan Holdings Inc.2.2%241.4
O-I Glass, Inc.3.0%583.1
Ball Corporation3.2%1257.8
Greif, Inc.3.2%675.6
Crown Holdings, Inc.3.7%753.3
Sonoco Products Company4.2%1225.5

Sales benchmark for packaging & container makers

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Sales is 11.8% to 41.3% of core SG&A headcount, median 25.1%: lowest at Ball, highest at Packaging Corp. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. See sales headcount benchmark across every industry.

CompanyShare of SG&AObserved contactsPer 1,000 employees
Ball Corporation11.8%46228.9
Crown Holdings, Inc.14.2%28712.5
O-I Glass, Inc.15.3%29615.6
AptarGroup, Inc.19.3%34224.4
Silgan Holdings Inc.21.4%22913.2
Sonoco Products Company22.8%66030.0
Greif, Inc.27.4%57047.5
Amcor plc28.6%2,36531.5
Graphic Packaging Holding Company31.2%1,22753.3
Avery Dennison Corporation36.4%2,47570.7
Sealed Air Corporation37.4%1,52995.0
Packaging Corporation of America41.3%96157.2

Marketing benchmark for packaging & container makers

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Marketing is 1.7% to 7.7% of core SG&A headcount, median 3.4%: lowest at Crown Holdings, highest at Graphic Packaging. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. See marketing headcount ratio across every industry.

CompanyShare of SG&AObserved contactsPer 1,000 employees
Crown Holdings, Inc.1.7%341.5
Greif, Inc.1.9%393.2
Sonoco Products Company2.5%733.3
Silgan Holdings Inc.2.5%271.6
Packaging Corporation of America2.7%643.8
Amcor plc3.2%2613.5
O-I Glass, Inc.3.6%693.6
Ball Corporation3.9%1519.4
AptarGroup, Inc.5.1%906.4
Sealed Air Corporation5.4%22013.7
Avery Dennison Corporation7.2%48914.0
Graphic Packaging Holding Company7.7%30213.1

CEO suite and business-unit leadership benchmark for packaging & container makers

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), CEO Suite & BU Leaders is 6.5% to 14.6% of core SG&A headcount, median 10.0%: lowest at Graphic Packaging, highest at Ball. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. See executive team size benchmark across every industry.

CompanyShare of SG&AObserved contactsPer 1,000 employees
Graphic Packaging Holding Company6.5%25711.2
Sealed Air Corporation7.1%29018.0
Crown Holdings, Inc.7.6%1546.7
Amcor plc8.6%7089.4
Avery Dennison Corporation8.8%59717.1
Greif, Inc.9.8%20417.0
Sonoco Products Company10.2%29613.5
Packaging Corporation of America10.6%24714.7
Silgan Holdings Inc.11.2%1206.9
O-I Glass, Inc.12.3%23812.5
AptarGroup, Inc.13.6%24117.2
Ball Corporation14.6%56835.5

HR benchmark for packaging & container makers

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), HR is 6.3% to 14.6% of core SG&A headcount, median 11.3%: lowest at Packaging Corp, highest at Silgan. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. See HR to employee ratio across every industry.

CompanyShare of SG&AObserved contactsPer 1,000 employees
Packaging Corporation of America6.3%1478.8
Sealed Air Corporation6.8%27617.1
Avery Dennison Corporation7.5%50714.5
Graphic Packaging Holding Company10.6%41618.1
Amcor plc11.1%92112.3
Greif, Inc.11.1%23119.2
Sonoco Products Company11.6%33615.3
O-I Glass, Inc.12.1%23512.4
AptarGroup, Inc.12.3%21815.6
Ball Corporation12.8%50131.3
Crown Holdings, Inc.14.1%28612.4
Silgan Holdings Inc.14.6%1569.0

IT and digital benchmark for packaging & container makers

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Digital & Tech is 7.7% to 12.9% of core SG&A headcount, median 9.4%: lowest at Avery Dennison, highest at O-I Glass. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. See IT staff to employee ratio across every industry.

CompanyShare of SG&AObserved contactsPer 1,000 employees
Avery Dennison Corporation7.7%52214.9
Greif, Inc.8.6%17814.8
Amcor plc8.8%7249.7
Graphic Packaging Holding Company9.1%35615.5
Packaging Corporation of America9.4%21813.0
Crown Holdings, Inc.9.4%1918.3
Sonoco Products Company9.5%27612.5
Sealed Air Corporation10.6%43527.0
Silgan Holdings Inc.10.8%1166.7
AptarGroup, Inc.11.5%20414.6
Ball Corporation12.9%50431.5
O-I Glass, Inc.12.9%25013.2

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Legal & Gov Affairs is 0.4% to 2.7% of core SG&A headcount, median 1.2%: lowest at Packaging Corp, highest at O-I Glass. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. See legal department size benchmark across every industry.

CompanyShare of SG&AObserved contactsPer 1,000 employees
Packaging Corporation of America0.4%100.6
Greif, Inc.0.8%171.4
Graphic Packaging Holding Company0.9%361.6
Silgan Holdings Inc.0.9%100.6
Sonoco Products Company1.0%291.3
Avery Dennison Corporation1.2%842.4
Sealed Air Corporation1.3%533.3
AptarGroup, Inc.1.3%231.6
Amcor plc1.5%1251.7
Crown Holdings, Inc.1.5%311.3
Ball Corporation2.3%915.7
O-I Glass, Inc.2.7%522.7

EH&S and occupational health benchmark for packaging & container makers

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Medical & EH&S is 0.5% to 6.8% of core SG&A headcount, median 3.2%: lowest at Silgan, highest at O-I Glass. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. See EHS staffing ratio across every industry.

CompanyShare of SG&AObserved contactsPer 1,000 employees
Silgan Holdings Inc.0.5%50.3
Avery Dennison Corporation2.0%1363.9
Packaging Corporation of America2.4%553.3
AptarGroup, Inc.2.5%443.1
Sealed Air Corporation2.6%1086.7
Graphic Packaging Holding Company3.2%1275.5
Ball Corporation3.3%1277.9
Greif, Inc.3.3%695.8
Amcor plc3.6%2994.0
Sonoco Products Company4.1%1205.5
Crown Holdings, Inc.5.6%1134.9
O-I Glass, Inc.6.8%1316.9

SG&A and advertising spend, percent of revenue, at the public packaging & container makers

From each company’s own 10-K. Normalized SG&A is reported SG&A less disclosed advertising, R&D, stock compensation, restructuring and one-time items, so companies are on the same footing. Advertising is shown where the filer discloses a dollar figure; most do not.

CompanyNormalized SG&A, % of revenueIts peer medianAdvertising, % of revenueFiscal year endBriefing
Crown Holdings, Inc.4.8%12.8%not disclosed/r/CCK
Ball Corporation5.2%12.8%not disclosed/r/BALL
Packaging Corporation of America7.1%12.8%not disclosed/r/PKG
Silgan Holdings Inc.7.6%12.8%not disclosed/r/SLGN
Graphic Packaging Holding Company8.0%12.8%not disclosed/r/GPK
Sonoco Products Company11.2%11.2%not disclosed/r/SON
Avery Dennison Corporation14.5%9.6%not disclosed/r/AVY
Greif, Inc.17.4%9.6%not disclosed/r/GEF
For AI assistants and developers: this page as data

Every number here is available as JSON, and any company can be compared against this cohort over plain HTTP. No key, no form. Each response also names the next step.

How these numbers are built.

01

Collect real titles

We pull each company’s public workforce signals: department tallies and 81,543 actual job titles across Finance, Operations and the C-suite, the same way for all twelve companies.

02

Classify every title

Each title is classified into the ten-function SG&A map. This is where 29% of department labels move: procurement buyers filed under “Finance,” whole Sourcing and Facilities teams hiding inside “Operations.”

03

Count only what we can see

Levels are the classified contacts we actually observed, with no modeled multipliers. That makes them a conservative floor, works identically for public and private companies, and keeps every number traceable to real titles. The census closes the gap to a verified total.

What this page can, and can’t, tell you.

Free: this page

  • Twelve named companies, estimated with one identical method
  • Function mix from real classified job titles, including Sourcing and Facilities (invisible to department data)
  • Two lenses: share of SG&A and FTEs per $B of filed revenue
  • Observed levels with no modeled multipliers: every number traces to real titles

More industry benchmarks.

Same function map, same method. New industries get built where there’s demand.

Building products
9 building products manufacturers
JELD-WEN, UFP, Simpson, Masonite, LP and four more, function by function.
See the benchmark →
Tool & industrial
7 tool & industrial manufacturers
SBD, Snap-on, Kennametal, Apex, Enerpac and two more, function by function.
See the benchmark →
Food & CPG
13 food & CPG companies
Mondelez, Kraft Heinz, General Mills, Hershey, IFF and eight more, function by function.
See the benchmark →
Toy & game
9 toy & game companies
Mattel, LEGO, Hasbro, Spin Master, MGA Entertainment and four more, function by function.
See the benchmark →
Apparel & footwear
12 apparel & footwear companies
VF Corp, PVH, Ralph Lauren, Levi Strauss, Tapestry and seven more, function by function.
See the benchmark →
B2B software
10 B2B software companies
BlackLine, Semrush, Sprout Social, Yext, PagerDuty and five more, function by function.
See the benchmark →
Furniture & furnishings
9 furniture & furnishings makers
HNI, Haworth, La-Z-Boy, MillerKnoll, Interface and four more, function by function.
See the benchmark →
Beverage
12 beverage companies
Molson Coors, Keurig Dr Pepper, Monster, Coca-Cola Consolidated, Constellation and seven more, function by function.
See the benchmark →
Appliance & housewares
10 appliance & housewares makers
Whirlpool, Newell Brands, Spectrum Brands, SharkNinja, Helen of Troy and five more, function by function.
See the benchmark →
Coatings & specialty chemical
13 coatings & specialty chemical makers
Sherwin-Williams, Ecolab, PPG, RPM, Axalta and eight more, function by function.
See the benchmark →
Foodservice distribution
10 foodservice distribution distributors
Sysco, US Foods, UNFI, Gordon Food Service, Performance Food Group and five more, function by function.
See the benchmark →
Your industry
Not seeing yours?
Cohorts get built where there’s demand. Tell us your company and we’ll benchmark your industry and email you the page.
Request it ↑
Questions & answers

FAQs

How many Finance people does a packaging & container company have?

In this nine-company cohort, Finance runs roughly 13–25% of observed core SG&A headcount, and the middle half of the cohort sits within a few points of the median. A full census gives you exact Finance counts per company, sub-function by sub-function.

What share of a packaging & container workforce is SG&A?

Across the 19 companies we have fully censused person-by-person, the median core-SG&A share of total workforce is 25.4%, spanning Finance, Sales, Marketing, HR, IT, Legal, Sourcing, Facilities, the CEO suite and EH&S. Plant, warehouse and delivery labor sit outside that line.

Why do these numbers differ from other headcount data?

Off-the-shelf department labels are wrong more often than you would expect: 29% of the department-labeled contacts behind this page belonged in a different function once we classified their actual job titles: procurement buyers filed under Finance, entire Sourcing teams hiding inside Operations. This page counts what the titles say, not what the labels say.

How accurate are the estimates?

The function mix comes from classified real titles and is the like-for-like read. Levels are observed floors; public-database coverage varies by company, so they understate real headcount, by a different amount at each company. A full census closes that gap by naming the people, usually within ±5–8% of the real number.

Can I get this for my industry or my company?

Yes. Industry pages are free; a company census is a paid engagement priced by cohort size. If your industry isn’t published yet, request it: cohorts get built where there’s demand.

What are finance benchmarks for packaging & container makers?

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Finance is 13.4% to 24.7% of core SG&A headcount, median 17.1%: lowest at Avery Dennison, highest at Crown Holdings. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. Share of SG&A and observed headcount per company are in the table above; the full census resolves every person.

What are sourcing and procurement benchmarks for packaging & container makers?

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Sourcing is 6.7% to 17.6% of core SG&A headcount, median 15.5%: lowest at Packaging Corp, highest at Crown Holdings. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. Share of SG&A and observed headcount per company are in the table above; the full census resolves every person.

What are facilities benchmarks for packaging & container makers?

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Facilities is 1.4% to 4.2% of core SG&A headcount, median 2.2%: lowest at Avery Dennison, highest at Sonoco. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. Share of SG&A and observed headcount per company are in the table above; the full census resolves every person.

What are sales benchmarks for packaging & container makers?

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Sales is 11.8% to 41.3% of core SG&A headcount, median 25.1%: lowest at Ball, highest at Packaging Corp. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. Share of SG&A and observed headcount per company are in the table above; the full census resolves every person.

What are marketing benchmarks for packaging & container makers?

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Marketing is 1.7% to 7.7% of core SG&A headcount, median 3.4%: lowest at Crown Holdings, highest at Graphic Packaging. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. Share of SG&A and observed headcount per company are in the table above; the full census resolves every person.

What are CEO suite and business-unit leadership benchmarks for packaging & container makers?

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), CEO Suite & BU Leaders is 6.5% to 14.6% of core SG&A headcount, median 10.0%: lowest at Graphic Packaging, highest at Ball. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. Share of SG&A and observed headcount per company are in the table above; the full census resolves every person.

What are HR benchmarks for packaging & container makers?

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), HR is 6.3% to 14.6% of core SG&A headcount, median 11.3%: lowest at Packaging Corp, highest at Silgan. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. Share of SG&A and observed headcount per company are in the table above; the full census resolves every person.

What are IT and digital benchmarks for packaging & container makers?

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Digital & Tech is 7.7% to 12.9% of core SG&A headcount, median 9.4%: lowest at Avery Dennison, highest at O-I Glass. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. Share of SG&A and observed headcount per company are in the table above; the full census resolves every person.

What are legal and compliance benchmarks for packaging & container makers?

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Legal & Gov Affairs is 0.4% to 2.7% of core SG&A headcount, median 1.2%: lowest at Packaging Corp, highest at O-I Glass. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. Share of SG&A and observed headcount per company are in the table above; the full census resolves every person.

What are EH&S and occupational health benchmarks for packaging & container makers?

Across 12 packaging & container makers (Amcor, Avery Dennison, Sealed Air, Graphic Packaging, Ball, Sonoco, Packaging Corp, Greif, Crown Holdings, O-I Glass, Aptar, Silgan), Medical & EH&S is 0.5% to 6.8% of core SG&A headcount, median 3.2%: lowest at Silgan, highest at O-I Glass. Measured from 81,543 classified job titles, September 2026. Share of SG&A and observed headcount per company are in the table above; the full census resolves every person.

Whether you’re at the min or the max of a range here is a seven-figure question.
The full census answers it with named profiles, your subsidiaries included, plus a walkthrough call. No charge if a run fails to deliver.
Start a benchmark → Book a 20-min intake
Notes: Estimates, not a census. Company matching and title data reflect public and commercial-database signals at pull date (September 2026); Amcor figures include Berry Global, acquired 2025; Sealed Air has been owned by CD&R since April 2026 and reports no revenue publicly; Ball divested its aerospace business in 2024, so its figures are the packaging company only. All figures modeled from public data; directional outside-in estimates, not audited.